Authors

J. Daniel; C. Deb; V. S. Dubey; T. D. Sirakova; B. Abomoelak; H. R. Morbidoni;P. E. Kolattukudy

Comments

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Abbreviated Journal Title

J. Bacteriol.

Keywords

NITRIC-OXIDE; FATTY-ACIDS; NONREPLICATING PERSISTENCE; HYPOXIC RESPONSE; IN-VITRO; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS; MICROORGANISMS; Microbiology

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis enters the host by inhalation of an infectious aerosol and replicates in the alveolar macrophages until the host's immune defense causes bacteriostasis, which leads the pathogen to go into nonreplicative drug-resistant dormancy. The dormant pathogen can survive for decades till the host's immune system is weakened and active tuberculosis develops. Even though fatty acids are thought to be the major energy source required for the persistence phase, the source of fatty acids used is not known. We postulate that the pathogen uses triacylglycerol (TG) as a storage form of fatty acids. Little is known about the biosynthesis of TG in M. tuberculosis. We show that 15 mycobacterial genes that we identified as putative triacylglycerol synthase (tgs) when expressed in Escherichia coli showed TGS activity, and we report some basic catalytic characteristics of the most active enzymes. We show that several tgs genes are induced when the pathogen goes into the nonreplicative drug-resistant state caused by slow withdrawal of O-2 and also by NO treatment, which is known to induce dormancy-associated genes. The gene (Rv3130c) that shows the highest TGS activity when expressed in E. coli shows the highest induction by hypoxia and NO treatment. Biochemical evidence shows that TG synthesis and accumulation occur under both conditions. We conclude that TG may be a form of energy storage for use during long-term dormancy. Therefore, TG synthesis may be an appropriate target for novel antilatency drugs that can prevent the organism from surviving dormancy and thus assist in the control of tuberculosis.

Journal Title

Journal of Bacteriology

Volume

186

Issue/Number

15

Publication Date

1-1-2004

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

5017

Last Page

5030

WOS Identifier

WOS:000222876700027

ISSN

0021-9193

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