Title

A quantitative study of the calcination and sintering of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and its flexural strength properties

Authors

Authors

S. J. Kalita; S. Qiu;S. Verma

Comments

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Abbreviated Journal Title

Mater. Chem. Phys.

Keywords

titanium dioxide; nanomaterials; nanoceramics; biaxial flexural; strength; pressure-less sintering; CERAMIC MATERIALS; TIO2; NANOPARTICLES; REFINEMENT; ZIRCONIA; SCIENCE; ROUTE; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Abstract

We performed a quantitative study of the calcination and sintering of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) using the Rietveld refinement technique. Previously, we developed a sol-gel technique to synthesize 5-15 nm anatase powder. Here, we performed a quantitative analysis to study the phase evolution during calcination (400 and 800 degrees C) and the crystal structure after sintering (1400 and 1500 degrees C). TiO2 nanopowder was obtained by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide in a mixture of isopropanol and deionized water, after calcination at 400 degrees C. Additionally, the powder was cold die compacted and sintered at 1200-1600 degrees C, to study the biaxial flexural strength and microstructure as a function of sintering temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction technique was used for phase analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used for microstructural analysis. Rietveld refinement, performed using GSAS software, provided accurate quantitative analysis. Grain size and density increased with increasing sintering temperature. Biaxial flexural tests, performed as per ASTM F-394 with some adaptation, demonstrated a maximum strength of 127.6 MPa in specimens sintered at 1500 degrees C. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Journal Title

Materials Chemistry and Physics

Volume

109

Issue/Number

2-3

Publication Date

1-1-2008

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

392

Last Page

398

WOS Identifier

WOS:000255692100036

ISSN

0254-0584

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