Title
Notch Activation Enhances the Microglia-Mediated Inflammatory Response Associated With Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Abbreviated Journal Title
Stroke
Keywords
apoptosis; brain ischemia; focal ischemia; inflammation; neuroprotection; neuroregeneration; NF-KAPPA-B; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; UP-REGULATION; BRAIN-DAMAGE; STROKE; CELLS; PROLIFERATION; DEATH; Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease
Abstract
Background and Purpose-Activation of Notch worsens ischemic brain damage as antisense knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the Notch pathway reduces the infarct size and improves the functional outcome in a mouse model of stroke. We sought to determine whether Notch activation contributes to postischemic inflammation by directly modulating the microglial innate response. Methods-The microglial response and the attendant inflammatory reaction were evaluated in Notch1 antisense transgenic (Tg) and in nontransgenic (non-Tg) mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion with or without treatment with a gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI). To investigate the impact of Notch on microglial effector functions, primary mouse microglia and murine BV-2 microglial cell line were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation or lipopolysaccharide in the presence or absence of GSI. Immunofluorescence labeling, Western blotting, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to measure microglial activation and production of inflammatory cytokines. The nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B in microglia was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The neurotoxic potential of microglia was determined in cocultures. Results-Notch1 antisense mice exhibit significantly lower numbers of activated microglia and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression in the ipsilateral ischemic cortices compared to non-Tg mice. Microglial activation also was attenuated in Notch1 antisense cultures and in non-Tg cultures treated with GSI. GSI significantly reduced nuclear factor-kappa B activation and expression of proinflammatory mediators and markedly attenuated the neurotoxic activity of microglia in cocultures. Conclusions-These findings establish a role for Notch signaling in modulating the microglia innate response and suggest that inhibition of Notch might represent a complementary therapeutic approach to prevent reactive gliosis in stroke and neuroinflammation-related degenerative disorders. (Stroke. 2011;42:2589-2594.)
Journal Title
Stroke
Volume
42
Issue/Number
9
Publication Date
1-1-2011
Document Type
Article
Language
English
First Page
2589
Last Page
U344
WOS Identifier
ISSN
0039-2499
Recommended Citation
"Notch Activation Enhances the Microglia-Mediated Inflammatory Response Associated With Focal Cerebral Ischemia" (2011). Faculty Bibliography 2010s. 2087.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/2087
Comments
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