Title
NADPH Oxidase 1-Mediated Oxidative Stress Leads to Dopamine Neuron Death in Parkinson's Disease
Abbreviated Journal Title
Antioxid. Redox Signal.
Keywords
COLON EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; CROSS-TALK; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE NEUROTOXICITY; CATALYTIC SUBUNIT; NAD(P)H; OXIDASE-1; UP-REGULATION; SUPEROXIDE; NOX1; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract
Aim: Oxidative stress has long been considered as a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, molecular sources for reactive oxygen species in Parkinson's disease have not been clearly elucidated. Herein, we sought to investigate whether a superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are implicated in oxidative stress-mediated dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. Results: Expression of various Nox isoforms and cytoplasmic components were investigated in N27, rat dopaminergic cells. While most of Nox isoforms were constitutively expressed, Nox1 expression was significantly increased after treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine. Rac1, a key regulator in the Nox1 system, was also activated. Striatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine increased Nox1 expression in dopaminergic neurons in the rat substantia nigra. Interestingly, it was localized into the nucleus, and immunostaining for DNA oxidative stress marker, 8-oxo-dG, was increased. Nox1expression was also found in the nucleus of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. Adeno-associated virus-mediated Nox1 knockdown or Rac1 inhibition reduced 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative DNA damage and dopaminergic neuronal degeneration significantly. Innovation: Nox1/Rac1 could serve as a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: We provide evidence that dopaminergic neurons are equipped with the Nox1/Rac1 superoxide-generating system. Stress-induced Nox1/Rac1 activation causes oxidative DNA damage and neurodegeneration. Reduced dopaminergic neuronal death achieved by targeting Nox1/Rac1, emphasizes the impact of oxidative stress caused by this system on the pathogenesis and therapy in Parkinson's disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 16, 1033-1045.
Journal Title
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Volume
16
Issue/Number
10
Publication Date
1-1-2012
Document Type
Article
Language
English
First Page
1033
Last Page
1045
WOS Identifier
ISSN
1523-0864
Recommended Citation
"NADPH Oxidase 1-Mediated Oxidative Stress Leads to Dopamine Neuron Death in Parkinson's Disease" (2012). Faculty Bibliography 2010s. 2415.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/2415
Comments
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