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Abstract

The Florida Seminoles at the beginning of the twentieth century enjoyed a relatively good life. The more than 500 Indians were able to roam freely throughout a 20,000 square mile area situated in the lower part of the peninsula and lying mostly between the settled portions of the east and west coasts of Florida. Since the total population in this wilderness area including Indians, squatters, hunters, and trappers did not number more than 600 persons, there was room for all concerned. The Seminoles supported themselves by otter, plume, and alligator hunting, and they traded these feathers, hides, and skins for “necessary” products of civilization at one or more of the available half-dozen trading posts. The Seminoles did not depend upon the government for either food or education. They were relatively healthy, and they sought no aid at all from religious groups, the state or national governments, nor from individuals.

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