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Abstract

Napoleon Bonaparte by 1799 had either conquered his European enemies or had pacified them, and only Great Britain stood between him and complete mastery of the continent. Spain since 1795 had been a rather reluctant ally of France, and thus her coast and the coasts of her colonies, including those along the Gulf coast, had become subject to the depredations of almost overwhelming British sea power. To further plague the Spaniards another problem materialized in 1799—the return to Florida of William Augustus Bowles.

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