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Abstract

North Florida was far from the Wild West, but for a time in the late nineteenth century it ceded little in the notoriety of its outlaws to that famous region. If Harmon Murray, leader of the “north Florida gang,” has not taken his place in history alongside Billy the Kid or Jesse James, it was hardly his fault. Though he was soon forgotten, at the time of his death in late summer 1891 Murray’s name was known throughout the state and beyond. The reasons for Murray’s quick rise to fame had much to do with his skill, courage, and sheer audacity. But his notoriety rested also on the color of his skin. Harmon Murray was a black man in the nineteenth-century American South.

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