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Abstract

During the Second Spanish Period (1784-1821) and its early years as a United States territory, East Florida was rocked by violence, lawlessness, and uncertainty. Under Spain’s weak, distracted rule, the province served as a haven for Indians, runaway slaves, and white adventurers seeking to profit from Madrid’s crumbling imperial fortunes. Moreover, a young, ambitious United States coveted the region, both to bolster its national security and to provide new lands for its burgeoning citizenry. When the American regime finally established itself, however, it soon faced armed resistance from Seminole warriors.

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