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Abbreviated Journal Title

J. Appl. Phys.

Keywords

Implanted Wave-Guides; Blue 2nd-Harmonic Generation; Amplifier; Laser-Diode; He+ Implantation; Index Profiles; Crystals; Ktiopo4; Linbo3; Phase; Radiation; Physics; Applied

Abstract

Ridged channel waveguides in KNbO3 were produced using He+ ion implantation, photolithographic masking, and subsequent Ar+ ion sputtering. We investigated the linear and nonlinear optical characteristics of the waveguides. The effective mode indices are derived from the refractive index profiles using the effective index method. The losses are investigated as a function of wavelength and of the geometrical parameters channel width and ridge height. A minimum loss of 2 dB cm(-1) is measured at a wavelength of 0.633 mu m. We investigated the power handling capabilities at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Second-harmonic generation in these waveguides is studied both theoretically and experimentally with regard to its dependence on the guide fabrication parameters. Phase-matching configurations for blue light second-harmonic generation are evaluated on the basis of the dispersion of the effective mode indices. Overlap integrals are calculated on the basis of the field distributions derived from the refractive index profiles. The minimum effective guide cross section is 25 mu m(2). A continuous-wave second-harmonic output power of 14 mW at 438 nm was obtained with an in-coupled fundamental power of 340 mW in a 0.73 cm long waveguide, yielding a normalized internal conversion efficiency of 25% W-1 cm(-2) (13% W-1). This corresponds to an improvement by a factor of 3 compared to the best results reported for KNbO3 waveguides up to now.

Journal Title

Journal of Applied Physics

Volume

84

Issue/Number

3

Publication Date

1-1-1998

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

1186

Last Page

1195

WOS Identifier

WOS:000075294600005

ISSN

0021-8979

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