Title

Myostatin and Follistatin Polymorphisms Interact with Muscle Phenotypes and Ethnicity

Authors

Authors

M. A. Kostek; T. J. Angelopoulos; P. M. Clarkson; P. M. Gordon; N. M. Moyna; P. S. Visich; R. F. Zoeller; T. B. Price; R. L. Seip; P. D. Thompson; J. M. Devaney; H. Gordish-Dressman; E. P. Hoffman;L. S. Pescatello

Abbreviated Journal Title

Med. Sci. Sports Exerc.

Keywords

EXERCISE; GENOMICS; MRI; RACE; STRENGTH TRAINING; LEAN BODY-MASS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENETIC INFLUENCES; STRENGTH; WOMEN; GROWTH; EXPRESSION; AGE; DIFFERENTIATION; BLACK; Sport Sciences

Abstract

KOSTEK, M. A., T. J. ANGELOPOULOS, P. M. CLARKSON, P. M. GORDON, N. M. MOYNA, P. S. VISICH, R. F. ZOELLER,. T. B. PRICE, R. L. SEIP, P. D. THOMPSON, J. M. DEVANEY, H. GORDISH-DRESSMAN, E. P. HOFFMAN, and L. S. PESCATELLO. Myostatin and Follistatin Polymorphisms Interact with Muscle Phenotypes and Ethnicity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 1063-1071, 2009. Purpose: We examined associations among myostatin (MSTN) 2379 A > G and 163 G > A and follistatin (FST) -5003 A > T and -833 G > T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the muscle size and the strength response to resistance training (RT). Methods: Subjects (It 645, age = 24.1 +/- 0.2 yr, body mass index [BMI] = 24.2 +/- 0.2 kg.m(-2)) self-disclosed themselves as Caucasian (78.9%), African American (3.6%), Asian (8.4%), Hispanic (5.0%), or Other (4.2%). They were genotyped for MSTN 2379 A > G (it = 645), MSTN 163 G > A (it = 639), FST -5003 A > T (It = 580), and FST -833 G > T (it = 603). We assessed dynamic (one repetition maximum [1RM]) and isometric (maximum Voluntary contraction [MVC]) muscle strength and size (cross-sectional area [CSA]) of the elbow flexors before and after 12 wk of unilateral upper-arm RT. Repeated-measures ANCOVA tested associations among genetic variants and muscle phenotypes with age and BMI as covariates. Results: Baseline MVC was greater among African Americans who were carriers of the MSTN G(2379) allele (AG/GG, n = 15) than the A2379A homozygotes (n = 8; 64.2 +/- 6.8 vs 49.8 +/- 8.7 kg). African Americans who were carriers of the FST T(-5003) allele (n = 12) had greater baseline 1RM (11.9 +/- 0.7 vs 8.8 +/- 0.5 kg) and CSA (24.4 +/- 1.3 vs 19.1 +/- 1.2 cm(2)) than African Americans with the A-5003A genotype (n = 14; P < 0.05). No MSTN or FST genotype and muscle phenotype associations were found among the other ethnic groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: MSTN 2379 A > G and FST -5003 A > T were associated with baseline muscle strength and size among African Americans only. These ethnic-specitic associations are hypothesis generating and should be confirmed in a larger sample of African Americans.

Journal Title

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volume

41

Issue/Number

5

Publication Date

1-1-2009

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

1063

Last Page

1071

WOS Identifier

WOS:000265324500012

ISSN

0195-9131

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