Lysozyme levels in the nasal secretions of patients with perennial allergic rhinitis and recurrent sinusitis

    Authors

    V. C. Kalfa; S. L. Spector; T. Ganz;A. M. Cole

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.

    Keywords

    MAJOR BASIC-PROTEIN; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE; TRACHEAL EPITHELIUM; HOST; DEFENSE; LAVAGE FLUID; EOSINOPHIL; LACTOFERRIN; CHILDREN; MUCOSA; ASTHMA; Allergy; Immunology

    Abstract

    Background: The association of perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) with recurrent sinusitis (RS) is well recognized. Anatomic abnormalities at the osteomeatal complex or ciliary dysfunction may play a significant role in some patients. However, for most patients with allergy, the determinants of RS are unknown. Objective: To determine whether altered concentrations of antimicrobial peptides and proteins, such as lysozyme, lactoferrin, human beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2), and human neutrophil peptides 1 to 3 (HNP-1 to 3), contribute to the development of RS in patients with PAR. Methods: Nasal secretions were collected by vacuum aspiration from 15 individuals with PAR+RS, 16 with PAR alone, and 16 controls. Lysozyme and lactoferrin levels were determined in nasal secretions by using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and HBD-2 and HNP-1 to 3 levels were determined in nasal secretions by using semiquantitative Western blot analysis. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a marker of nasal eosinophilia in all 3 groups. Results: Levels of EDN were elevated significantly in patients with PAR+RS compared with controls. Lysozyme levels were decreased significantly in patients with PAR+RS compared with PAR alone or controls. Mean lysozyme levels were significantly lower in patients with EDN levels greater than 1,000 ng/mL vs those with levels of 1,000 ng/mL or less in the PAR+RS group. There were no statistically significant differences in lactoferrin, HBD-2, and HNP-1 to 3 levels among the 3 groups. Conclusions: The presence of eosinophils and their products and reduced lysozyme concentrations may be critical factors that predispose the airways of patients with PAR to RS.

    Journal Title

    Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology

    Volume

    93

    Issue/Number

    3

    Publication Date

    1-1-2004

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    288

    Last Page

    292

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000224064800016

    ISSN

    1081-1206

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