Apolipoprotein E genotype and changes in serum lipids and maximal oxygen uptake with exercise training

    Authors

    P. D. Thompson; G. J. Tsongalis; R. L. Seip; C. Bilbie; M. Miles; R. Zoeller; P. Visich; P. Gordon; T. J. Angelopoulos; L. Pescatello; L. Bausserman;N. Moyna

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Metab.-Clin. Exp.

    Keywords

    DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PREDICTING BODY DENSITY; GENERALIZED; EQUATIONS; HERITAGE FAMILY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; WEIGHT-LOSS; METABOLISM; GENE; MEN; METAANALYSIS; Endocrinology & Metabolism

    Abstract

    Physical activity improves lipid levels by altering triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) facilitates TG clearance by mediating lipoprotein binding to hepatic receptors, but Apo E also has less defined roles in skeletal muscle and nervous tissue. This study examined if variants in Apo E genotype affect the lipid and physiologic response to exercise training. Seven centers genetically screened 566 individuals to recruit 120 subjects into 6 gender-specific cohorts equal for the most common Apo E genotypes: E2/3, E3/3, and E3/4. Anthropometics, exercise capacity (Vo(2)max), serum lipids, and post heparin (PH) plasma lipase activities were measured before and after 6 months of supervised exercise training. Difference in the response (Delta) to training among the Apo E genotypes was the primary outcome variable. Differences in pretraining serum lipids among the Apo E genotypes mimicked those observed in population studies: TGs were slightly higher in E2/3 subjects, whereas low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (C) was lower (P = not significant [NS]). TGs decreased 11% with training for the entire cohort (P < .0001) and 7%, 12%, and 14% for the Apo E2/3, 3/3 and 3/4 groups, respectively (P = NS for Delta). LDL-C did not change in the entire cohort, but decreased slightly in the 2/3 and 3/3 subjects and increased 4% in the 3/4 group (P = NS for Delta). High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C increased 2% for the entire cohort (P = .06) due to a 6% increase in the 3/3 group (P = .07 for Delta). Total cholesterol (TC)/HDL and LDL/HDL decreased with training in the 2/3 and 3/3 groups, but increased in the 3/4 subjects and these responses differed among the genotypes (P < .05 for Delta). VO(2)max increased 9% to 10% for the entire cohort, but only 5% in the 3/3 subjects versus 13% in the 2/3 and 3/4 groups and these differences were significantly different mong the genotypes (P < .01 for Delta). This is the first prospective study to demonstrate that the serum lipid response to xercise training differs by Apo E genotype in a pattern consistent with known metabolic differences among the variants. Surprisingly, Apo E genotype also affected the increase in aerobic capacity produced by exercise training possibly via undefined effects on nerve and skeletal muscle function. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

    Journal Title

    Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental

    Volume

    53

    Issue/Number

    2

    Publication Date

    1-1-2004

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    193

    Last Page

    202

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000188797400012

    ISSN

    0026-0495

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