A quantitative study of the calcination and sintering of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and its flexural strength properties

    Authors

    S. J. Kalita; S. Qiu;S. Verma

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Mater. Chem. Phys.

    Keywords

    titanium dioxide; nanomaterials; nanoceramics; biaxial flexural; strength; pressure-less sintering; CERAMIC MATERIALS; TIO2; NANOPARTICLES; REFINEMENT; ZIRCONIA; SCIENCE; ROUTE; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

    Abstract

    We performed a quantitative study of the calcination and sintering of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) using the Rietveld refinement technique. Previously, we developed a sol-gel technique to synthesize 5-15 nm anatase powder. Here, we performed a quantitative analysis to study the phase evolution during calcination (400 and 800 degrees C) and the crystal structure after sintering (1400 and 1500 degrees C). TiO2 nanopowder was obtained by hydrolyzing titanium tetraisopropoxide in a mixture of isopropanol and deionized water, after calcination at 400 degrees C. Additionally, the powder was cold die compacted and sintered at 1200-1600 degrees C, to study the biaxial flexural strength and microstructure as a function of sintering temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction technique was used for phase analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used for microstructural analysis. Rietveld refinement, performed using GSAS software, provided accurate quantitative analysis. Grain size and density increased with increasing sintering temperature. Biaxial flexural tests, performed as per ASTM F-394 with some adaptation, demonstrated a maximum strength of 127.6 MPa in specimens sintered at 1500 degrees C. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

    Journal Title

    Materials Chemistry and Physics

    Volume

    109

    Issue/Number

    2-3

    Publication Date

    1-1-2008

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    392

    Last Page

    398

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000255692100036

    ISSN

    0254-0584

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