Training for vigilance: The effect of knowledge of results format and dispositional optimism and pessimism on performance and stress

    Authors

    J. L. Szalma; P. A. Hancock; W. N. Dember;J. S. Warm

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Br. J. Psychol.

    Keywords

    SUSTAINED ATTENTION; FEEDBACK; METAANALYSIS; EFFICIENCY; DECREMENT; WORKLOAD; TASK; Psychology, Multidisciplinary

    Abstract

    This study investigated the impact of knowledge of results (KR) format on the performance and stress associated with a vigilance task. Also examined was the effect of the interaction of KR-format (Hit-KR, False Alarm-KR, Miss-KR, and a composite of all three formats) with dispositional optimism and pessimism on performance outcome and reported stress state. Hypotheses based upon a theory of feedback intervention were tested. KR regarding correct detections and the composite-KR (KR regarding correct detections, false alarms, and missed signals) enhanced perceptual sensitivity. However, False Alarm-KR and Miss-KR did not Contrary to expectations based on the theory, performance was unrelated to the traits across all KR conditions. However, the effects of KR-format on self-reports of stress depended on the individual's level of pessimism and optimism. In addition, KR format and personality affected the multiple dimensions of stress state in different ways.

    Journal Title

    British Journal of Psychology

    Volume

    97

    Publication Date

    1-1-2006

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    115

    Last Page

    135

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000235446200007

    ISSN

    0007-1269

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