Adiposity attenuates muscle quality and the adaptive response to resistance exercise in non-obese, healthy adults

    Authors

    M. D. Peterson; D. Liu; H. Gordish-Dressman; M. J. Hubal; E. Pistilli; T. J. Angelopoulos; P. M. Clarkson; N. M. Moyna; L. S. Pescatello; R. L. Seip; P. S. Visich; R. F. Zoeller; P. D. Thompson; J. M. Devaney; E. P. Hoffman;P. M. Gordon

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Int. J. Obes.

    Keywords

    FAMuSS; adiposity; muscle quality; resistance exercise; strength; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; BODY-MASS INDEX; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; OBESE WOMEN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; VOLUNTARY STRENGTH; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MUSCULAR STRENGTH; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics

    Abstract

    Background: Emerging data have revealed a negative association between adiposity and muscle quality (MQ). There is a lack of research to examine this interaction among young, healthy individuals, and to evaluate the contribution of adiposity to adaptation after resistance exercise (RE). Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the influence of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) on muscle function among non-obese individuals before and after RE. Design: Analyses included 634 non-obese (body mass index < 30 kg m(-2)) subjects (253 males, 381 females; age 23.3 +/- 5.2 years). SAT and muscle mass (magnetic resonance imaging-derived SAT and biceps muscle volume), isometric and dynamic biceps strength, and MQ (strength/muscle volume), were analyzed at baseline and after 12 weeks of unilateral RE. Results: At baseline, SAT was independently associated with lower MQ for males (beta = -0.55; P < 0.01) and females (beta = -0.45; P < 0.01), controlling for body mass and age. Adaptation to RE revealed a significant negative association between SAT and changes for strength capacity (beta = -0.13; p = 0.03) and MQ (beta = -0.14; P < 0.01) among males. No attenuation was identified among females. Post-intervention SAT remained a negative predictor of MQ for males and females (beta = -0.47; P < 0.01). Conclusions: The findings reveal that SAT is a negative predictor of MQ among non-obese, healthy adults, and that after 12 weeks of progressive RE this association was not ameliorated. Data suggest that SAT exerts a weak, negative influence on the adaptive response to strength and MQ among males. International Journal of Obesity (2011) 35, 1095-1103; doi: 10.1038/ijo.2010.257; published online 7 December 2010

    Journal Title

    International Journal of Obesity

    Volume

    35

    Issue/Number

    8

    Publication Date

    1-1-2011

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    1095

    Last Page

    1103

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000293784100011

    ISSN

    0307-0565

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