Title

Three-Dimensional Microtissue Assay for High-Throughput Cytotoxicity of Nanoparticles

Authors

Authors

Y. Luo; C. M. Wang; M. Hossain; Y. Qiao; L. Y. Ma; J. C. An;M. Su

Comments

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Abbreviated Journal Title

Anal. Chem.

Keywords

CDTE QUANTUM DOTS; IN-VIVO TOXICITY; DIFFERENTIAL CYTOTOXICITY; PULMONARY TOXICITY; CELLULAR TOXICITY; CARBON NANOTUBES; DRUG-DELIVERY; PEG; VITRO; CELLS; Chemistry, Analytical

Abstract

Traditional in vitro nanotoxicity researches are conducted on cultured two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cells and thereby cannot reflect organism response to nanoparticle toxicities at tissue levels. This paper describes a new, high-throughput approach to test in vitro nanotoxicity in three-dimensional (3D) microtissue array, where microtissues are formed by seeding cells in nonsticky microwells, and cells are allowed to aggregate and grow into microtissues with defined size and shape. Nanoparticles attach and diffuse into microtissues gradually, causing radial cytotoxicity among cells, with more cells being killed on the outer layers of the microtissue than inside. Three classical toxicity assays [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6DP), and calcein AM and ethidium homodimer (calcein AM/EthD-1)] have been adopted to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach. Results show that the nanotoxicities derived from this method are significantly lower than that from traditional 2D cultured monolayer cells (p < 0.05). Equipped with a microplate reader or a microscope, the nanotoxicity assay could be completed automatically without transferring the microtissue, ensuring the reliability of toxicity assay. The proposed approach provides a new strategy for high-throughput, simple, and accurate evaluation of nanoparticle toxicities by combining 3D microtissue array with a panel of classical toxicity assays.

Journal Title

Analytical Chemistry

Volume

84

Issue/Number

15

Publication Date

1-1-2012

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

6731

Last Page

6738

WOS Identifier

WOS:000307159200066

ISSN

0003-2700

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