Harnessing nanoparticles to improve toxicity after head and neck radiation

    Authors

    R. A. Madero-Visbal; B. E. Alvarado; J. F. Colon; C. H. Baker; M. S. Wason; B. Isley; S. Seal; C. M. Lee; S. Das;R. Manon

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Nanomed.-Nanotechnol. Biol. Med.

    Keywords

    Nanoparticle; Cerium oxide nanoparticles; Xerostomia; Radioprotection; Radiotherapy; Radiation-induced toxicity; CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER; PATIENTS; AMIFOSTINE; THERAPY; CHEMORADIATION; PROTECTION; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; IRRADIATION; XEROSTOMIA; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental

    Abstract

    This article reports the evaluation of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles' ability to decrease xerostomia and radiation-induced dermatitis in mice after head and neck radiation. Mice were irradiated using an IC160 x-ray system. Two cohorts were included: (A) No-radiation and (B) 30 Gy/6 fractions, and were randomized into three groups: (1) saline, (2) 15 nM CeO2 and (3) 15 mu M CeO2. Stimulated salivary flow and radiation-induced dermatitis were evaluated post radiation. Stimulated sialometry demonstrated improved salivary production in all CeO2 groups in comparison with controls (flow: 204 vs. 115 mu L/10 minutes, P = 0.0002). One week post radiation, G-III dermatitis decreased in the 15 mu M group in comparison with controls (10% versus 100% incidence, respectively). There was decreased skin hyperpigmentation at 12 weeks in the 15-mu M group in comparison with 15-nM and non-CeO2 groups (50%, 70%, and 90% G-II, respectively). This study suggests that CeO2 may be radioprotective for salivary production and reduces G-III dermatitis and skin hyperpigmentation incidence. CeO2 as radioprotectant may be a feasible concept during radiotherapy. From the Clinical Editor: This study demonstrates in a mouse model that cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles may provide an important mechanism in preventing radiation induced xerostomia, a common complication of head and neck radiation treatments. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

    Journal Title

    Nanomedicine-Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine

    Volume

    8

    Issue/Number

    7

    Publication Date

    1-1-2012

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    1223

    Last Page

    1231

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000309216300021

    ISSN

    1549-9634

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