Downregulation of Tumor Growth and Invasion by Redox-Active Nanoparticles

    Authors

    L. Alili; M. Sack; C. von Montfort; S. Giri; S. Das; K. S. Carroll; K. Zanger; S. Seal;P. Brenneisen

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Antioxid. Redox Signal.

    Keywords

    HUMAN DERMAL FIBROBLASTS; NADPH OXIDASE; CERIUM OXIDE; SOLID TUMORS; CELLS; MELANOMA; CANCER; APOPTOSIS; ANTIOXIDANT; ACTIVATION; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism

    Abstract

    Aims: Melanoma is the most aggressive type of malignant skin cancer derived from uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes. Melanoma cells possess a high potential to metastasize, and the prognosis for advanced melanoma is rather poor due to its strong resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics. Nanomaterials are at the cutting edge of the rapidly developing area of nanomedicine. The potential of nanoparticles for use as carrier in cancer drug delivery is infinite with novel applications constantly being tested. The noncarrier use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) is a novel and promising approach, as those particles per se show an anticancer activity via their oxygen vacancy-mediated chemical reactivity. Results: In this study, the question was addressed of whether the use of CNPs might be a valuable tool to counteract the invasive capacity and metastasis of melanoma cells in the future. Therefore, the effect of those nanoparticles on human melanoma cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Concentrations of polymer-coated CNPs being nontoxic for stromal cells showed a cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and anti-invasive capacity on melanoma cells. In vivo xenograft studies with immunodeficient nude mice showed a decrease of tumor weight and volume after treatment with CNPs. Innovation: In summary, the redox-active CNPs have selective pro-oxidative and antioxidative properties, and this study is the first to show that CNPs prevent tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: The application of redox-active CNPs may form the basis of new paradigms in the treatment and prevention of cancers.

    Journal Title

    Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

    Volume

    19

    Issue/Number

    8

    Publication Date

    1-1-2013

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    765

    Last Page

    778

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000323203200002

    ISSN

    1523-0864

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