Title

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in milk by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction and capillary electrophoresis

Authors

Authors

G. Knobel;A. D. Campiglia

Comments

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Abbreviated Journal Title

J. Sep. Sci.

Keywords

Capillary electrophoresis; Metabolites; Milk; Polycyclic Aromatic; Hydrocarbons; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC CHROMATOGRAPHY; TEMPERATURE FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; SAMPLE; STACKING; ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; QUECHERS METHOD; MATRICES; Chemistry, Analytical

Abstract

We describe the first application of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe extraction technique to the CZE analysis of monohydroxylated metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in milk. Complete resolution of 2-hydroxyfluorenene, 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene was accomplished in 4 min of electrophoretic run. Limits of detection at the parts-per-billion were obtained with a single solvent (acetonitrile) for metabolite extraction and sample stacking. The small sample volume (1.2 mL) and the conservative usage of chemicals provided a simple and rapid procedure for the simultaneous extraction of numerous samples. Adding 4 min of electrophoretic run per sample, it should be possible to screen ten samples in approximately 1 h of analysis time. The nanoliter extract volume required for sample injection allows for further chromatographic usage and confirmation of positive samples. The unique electrophoretic pattern of the studied metabolites demonstrates the potential for the unambiguous determination of positional isomers with very similar chromatographic behaviors and undistinguishable mass fragmentation patterns.

Journal Title

Journal of Separation Science

Volume

36

Issue/Number

14

Publication Date

1-1-2013

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

2291

Last Page

2298

WOS Identifier

WOS:000321760600010

ISSN

1615-9306

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