Theory of Molecular Nonlinear Optics

    Authors

    M. G. Kuzyk; K. D. Singer;G. I. Stegeman

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    Adv. Opt. Photonics

    Keywords

    2ND HARMONIC-GENERATION; HYPER-RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING; NEMATISCHEN; KRISTALLINFLUSSIGEN PHASE; OXYGEN-OCTAHEDRA FERROELECTRICS; MOLEKULAR-STATISTISCHE THEORIE; CONJUGATED ORGANIC-MOLECULES; LANGMUIR-BLODGETT-FILMS; BOND-LENGTH ALTERNATION; POLED POLYMER-FILMS; PUSH-PULL POLYMERS; Optics

    Abstract

    The theory of molecular nonlinear optics based on the sum-over-states (SOS) model is reviewed. The interaction of radiation with a single wtpisolated molecule is treated by first-order perturbation theory, and expressions are derived for the linear (alpha(ij)) polarizability and nonlinear (beta(ijk), gamma(ijkl)) molecular hyperpolarizabilities in terms of the properties of the molecular states and the electric dipole transition moments for light-induced transitions between them. Scale invariance is used to estimate fundamental limits for these polarizabilities. The crucial role of the spatial symmetry of both the single molecules and their ordering in dense media, and the transition from the single molecule to the dense medium case (susceptibilities. chi((1))(ij), chi((2))(ijk), chi((3))(ijkl), is discussed. For example, for beta(ijk), symmetry determines whether amolecule can support second-order nonlinear processes or not. For asymmetric molecules, examples of the frequency dispersion based on a two-level model (ground state and one excited state) are the simplest possible for beta(ijk) and examples of the resulting frequency dispersion are given. The third-order susceptibility is too complicated to yield simple results in terms of symmetry properties. It will be shown that whereas a two-level model suffices for asymmetric molecules, symmetric molecules require a minimum of three levels in order to describe effects such as two-photon absorption. The frequency dispersion of the third-order susceptibility will be shown and the importance of one and two-photon transitions will be discussed. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America

    Journal Title

    Advances in Optics and Photonics

    Volume

    5

    Issue/Number

    1

    Publication Date

    1-1-2013

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    4

    Last Page

    82

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000330189200001

    ISSN

    1943-8206

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