Detecting Submerged Bodies: Controlled Research Using Side-Scan Sonar to Detect Submerged Proxy Cadavers

    Authors

    C. A. Healy; J. J. Schultz; K. Parker;B. Lowers

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    J. Forensic Sci.

    Keywords

    forensic science; geophysical search methods; side-scan sonar; submerged; bodies; water search methods; search methods; GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; CLANDESTINE GRAVES; FORENSIC ARCHAEOLOGY; SEARCHES; BURIALS; Medicine, Legal

    Abstract

    Forensic investigators routinely deploy side-scan sonar for submerged body searches. This study adds to the limited body of literature by undertaking a controlled project to understand how variables affect detection of submerged bodies using side-scan sonar. Research consisted of two phases using small and medium-sized pig (Sus scrofa) carcasses as proxies for human bodies to investigate the effects of terrain, body size, frequency, swath width, and state of decomposition. Results demonstrated that a clear, flat, sandy pond floor terrain was optimal for detection of the target as irregular terrain and/or vegetation are major limitations that can obscure the target. A higher frequency towfish was preferred for small bodies, and a 20m swath width allowed greater visibility and easier maneuverability of the boat in this environment. Also, the medium-sized carcasses were discernable throughout the 81-day study period, indicating that it is possible to detect bodies undergoing decomposition with side-scan sonar.

    Journal Title

    Journal of Forensic Sciences

    Volume

    60

    Issue/Number

    3

    Publication Date

    1-1-2015

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    743

    Last Page

    752

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000353994200029

    ISSN

    0022-1198

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