Title
Measuring Team Cohesion: Observations from the Science
Abbreviated Journal Title
Hum. Factors
Keywords
organizational behavior; design; organizational psychology; macroergonomics and the environment; group processes; social processes; team dynamics; teams and groups; team collaboration; team communication; PROJECT TEAMS; PERFORMANCE; TIME; CREATIVITY; Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, ; Applied; Psychology
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to review literature relevant to cohesion measurement, explore developing measurement approaches, and provide theoretical and practical recommendations for optimizing cohesion measurement. Background: Cohesion is essential for team effectiveness and performance, leading researchers to focus attention on understanding how to enhance it. However, cohesion is inconsistently defined and measured, making it difficult to compare findings across studies and limiting the ability to advance science and practice. Method: We reviewed empirical research through which we uncovered specific information about cohesion's conceptualization, measurement, and relationships with performance, culminating in a set of current trends from which we provide suggestions and possible solutions to guide future efforts and help the field converge toward greater consistency. Results: Cohesion demonstrates more significant relationships with performance when conceptualized using social and task (but not other) dimensions and when analyses are performed at the team level. Cohesion is inherently temporal, yet researchers rarely measure cohesion at multiple points during the life of a team. Finally, cohesion matters in large, dynamic collectives, complicating measurement. However, innovative and unobtrusive methodologies are being used, which we highlight. Conclusion: Practitioners and researchers are encouraged to define cohesion with task and social subdimensions and to measure with behavioral and attitudinal operationalizations. Individual and team-oriented items are recommended, though team-level analyses are most effective. Innovative/unobtrusive methods should be further researched to enable cohesion measurement longitudinally and in large, dynamic collectives. Application: By applying our findings and conclusions, researchers and practitioners will be more likely to find consistent, reliable, and significant cohesion-to-performance relationships.
Journal Title
Human Factors
Volume
57
Issue/Number
3
Publication Date
1-1-2015
Document Type
Article
Language
English
First Page
365
Last Page
374
WOS Identifier
ISSN
0018-7208
Recommended Citation
"Measuring Team Cohesion: Observations from the Science" (2015). Faculty Bibliography 2010s. 6785.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/6785
Comments
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