Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of the Nonlipid (Aqueous) Components of Sesame Oil: Potential Use in Atherosclerosis

    Authors

    K. Selvarajan; C. A. Narasimhulu; R. Bapputty;S. Parthasarathy

    Comments

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    Abbreviated Journal Title

    J. Med. Food

    Keywords

    sesame oil; endothelial cells; lipoproteins; macrophages; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; NF-KAPPA-B; MONOCYTE; CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN-1; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; LIPID; PROFILES; SEPTIC SHOCK; MACROPHAGES; INFLAMMATION; Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics

    Abstract

    Dietary intervention to prevent inflammation and atherosclerosis has been a major focus in recent years. We previously reported that sesame oil (SO) was effective in inhibiting atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein-receptor negative mice. We also noted that the levels of many proinflammatory markers were lower in the SO-treated animals. In this study we tested whether the non-lipid, aqueous components associated with SO would have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Polymerase chain reaction array data indicated that sesame oil aqueous extract (SOAE) was effective in reducing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Expression of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 alpha, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) was also analyzed independently in cells pretreated with SOAE followed by inflammatory assault. Effect of SOAE on TNF-alpha-induced MCP-1 and VCAM1 expression was also tested in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. We observed that SOAE significantly reduced inflammatory markers in both macrophages and endothelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner. SOAE was also effective in inhibiting LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in vivo at different concentrations. We also noted that in the presence of SOAE, transcription and translocation of NF-kappaB was suppressed. SOAE was also effective in inhibiting oxidation of lipoproteins in vitro. These results suggest the presence of potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds in SOAE. Furthermore, SOAE differentially regulated expression of scavenger receptors and increased ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) mRNA expression by activating liver X receptors (LXRs), suggesting additional effects on lipid metabolism. Thus, SOAE appears multipotent and may serve as a valuable nonpharmacological agent in atherosclerosis and other inflammatory diseases.

    Journal Title

    Journal of Medicinal Food

    Volume

    18

    Issue/Number

    4

    Publication Date

    1-1-2015

    Document Type

    Article

    Language

    English

    First Page

    393

    Last Page

    402

    WOS Identifier

    WOS:000352321700001

    ISSN

    1096-620X

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