Authors

D. Verma; B. Moghimi; P. A. LoDuca; H. D. Singh; B. E. Hoffman; R. W. Herzog;H. Daniell

Comments

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Abbreviated Journal Title

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.

Keywords

allergy; chloroplast; genetic disorders; oral tolerance; plant-made; therapeutics; HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; CHOLERA-TOXIN; TRANSGENIC CHLOROPLASTS; FUNCTIONAL-EVALUATION; TOBACCO CHLOROPLASTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; VACCINE; ANTIGENS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE-THERAPY; MOUSE MODEL; Multidisciplinary Sciences

Abstract

To address complications of pathogenic antibody or life-threatening anaphylactic reactions in protein replacement therapy for patients with hemophilia or other inherited protein deficiencies, we have developed a prophylactic protocol using a murine hemophilia B model. Oral delivery of coagulation factor IX fused with cholera toxin beta-subunit (with or without a furin cleavage site; CTB-FFIX or CTB-FIX), expressed in chloroplasts (up to 3.8% soluble protein or 0.4 mg/g leaf tissue), bioencapsulated in plant cells, effectively blocked formation of inhibitory antibodies (undetectable or up to 100-fold less than controls). Moreover, this treatment eliminated fatal anaphylactic reactions that occurred after four to six exposures to intravenous F. IX. Whereas only 20-25% of control animals survived after six to eight F. IX doses, 90-93% of F.IX-fed mice survived 12 injections without signs of allergy or anaphylaxis. Immunostaining confirmed delivery of F. IX to Peyer's patches in the ileum. Within 2-5 h, feeding of CTB-FFIX additionally resulted in systemic delivery of F. IX antigen. This high-responder strain of hemophilia B mice represents a new animal model to study anaphylactic reactions. The protocol was effective over a range of oral antigen doses (equivalent to 5-80 mu g recombinant F.IX/kg), and controlled inhibitor formation and anaphylaxis long-term, up to 7 months (similar to 40% life span of this mouse strain). Oral antigen administration caused a deviant immune response that suppressed formation of IgE and inhibitory antibodies. This cost-effective and efficient approach of antigen delivery to the gut should be applicable to several genetic diseases that are prone to pathogenic antibody responses during treatment.

Journal Title

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volume

107

Issue/Number

15

Publication Date

1-1-2010

Document Type

Article

Language

English

First Page

7101

Last Page

7106

WOS Identifier

WOS:000276642100096

ISSN

0027-8424

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