Title

The Anatomy of Health Care Team Training and the State of Practice: A Critical Review

Authors

Authors

S. J. Weaver; R. Lyons; D. DiazGranados; M. A. Rosen; E. Salas; J. Oglesby; J. S. Augenstein; D. J. Birnbach; D. Robinson;H. B. King

Comments

Authors: contact us about adding a copy of your work at STARS@ucf.edu

Abbreviated Journal Title

Acad. Med.

Keywords

CREW RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; COMMUNICATION-SKILLS; SIMULATION; PERFORMANCE; METAANALYSIS; CURRICULUM; PROVIDERS; MEDICINE; OUTCOMES; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services

Abstract

Purpose As the U. S. health care system enters a new era, the importance of team-based care approaches grows. How is the health care community ensuring that providers and administrators are equipped with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) foundational for effective teamwork? Are these KSAs transferring into daily practice? This review summarizes the present state of practice for health care team training described in published literature. Drawing from empirical investigations of training effectiveness, the authors explore training design, implementation, and evaluation to provide insight into the shape, structure, and anatomy of team training in health care. Method A 2009 literature search yielded 40 peer-reviewed articles detailing health care team training evaluations. Guided by 11 focal questions, two trained raters extracted details regarding training design, implementation, evaluation metrics, and outcomes. Results Findings indicate that team training is being implemented across a wide spectrum of providers and is primarily targeting communication, situational awareness, leadership, and role clarity. Relatively few details indicate how training needs were established. Most studies collected data immediately posttraining; however, less than 30% collected data six months or more posttraining. Content analyses highlight the need for enhanced detail in published training evaluation reports. Conclusions In many respects, health care team training implementation and evaluation align with best practices suggested from the science of training, adult learning, and human performance; however, opportunities for improvement exist. The authors suggest several mechanisms for furthering the health care team training evidence base to enhance patient safety and work environment quality for clinicians.

Journal Title

Academic Medicine

Volume

85

Issue/Number

11

Publication Date

1-1-2010

Document Type

Review

Language

English

First Page

1746

Last Page

1760

WOS Identifier

WOS:000283583500035

ISSN

1040-2446

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