Title
Bonobos Have A More Human-Like Second-To-Fourth Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) Than Chimpanzees: A Hypothesized Indication Of Lower Prenatal Androgens
Keywords
2D:4D; digit ratios; prenatal androgens; second-to-fourth finger length ratio; sex differences; social behavior
Abstract
The ratio of the second-to-fourth finger lengths (2D:4D) has been proposed as an indicator of prenatal sex differentiation. However, 2D:4D has not been studied in the closest living human relatives, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus). We report the results from 79 chimpanzees and 39 bonobos of both sexes, including infants, juveniles, and adults. We observed the expected sex difference in 2D:4D, and substantially higher, more human-like, 2D:4D in bonobos than chimpanzees. Previous research indicates that sex differences in 2D:4D result from differences in prenatal sex hormone levels. We hypothesize that the species difference in 2D:4D between bonobos and chimpanzees suggests a possible role for early exposure to sex hormones in the development of behavioral differences between the two species. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date
1-1-2009
Publication Title
Journal of Human Evolution
Volume
56
Issue
4
Number of Pages
361-365
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.12.004
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
64649103686 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/64649103686
STARS Citation
McIntyre, Matthew H.; Herrmann, Esther; Wobber, Victoria; Halbwax, Michel; and Mohamba, Crispin, "Bonobos Have A More Human-Like Second-To-Fourth Finger Length Ratio (2D:4D) Than Chimpanzees: A Hypothesized Indication Of Lower Prenatal Androgens" (2009). Scopus Export 2000s. 12437.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2000/12437