Title
Yellowing Effect And Discoloration Of Pigments: Experimental And Theoretical Studies
Keywords
Discoloration; Encrustation on marble; Laser ablation; Laser cleaning; Light scattering; Structural modification; Yellowing effect
Abstract
Two issues of great interest in the field of lasers in artwork conservation are the so-called yellowing effect and the discoloration of pigments. We have viewed these issues from a comprehensive point of view, considering all our present experimental results as well as ongoing modeling and theoretical calculations. The first concern to be discussed is the yellowing effect in laser cleaning of marble or stone artifacts. Although, in most cases, a yellowish layer exists underneath the black encrustation, the so-called 'patina', it has become clear that there are situations where yellowing cannot be attributed to an existing layer. In the present study, a light scattering model that may account for the yellowing is presented. This model considers a thin absorbent layer and the surface roughness and/or created voids and accounts for the reflectance spectra measured by (i) hyper-spectral imaging and (ii) integrating sphere. Additional experimental data, such as the absence of yellowing when the third harmonic of a Q-swihed Nd:YAG laser is used, support this model. A thorough understanding of the quantitative characteristics of pigment discoloration, on the other hand, has been attempted by means of X-ray diffraction and theoretical studies. The model developed suggests a nucleation process for cinnabar resulting in a structural modification within the volume of a pigment's crystal or particle close to the 'ablation front', which extends for a few nanometers from its surface. © 2003 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
Publication Date
1-1-2003
Publication Title
Journal of Cultural Heritage
Volume
4
Issue
SUPPL. 1
Number of Pages
249-256
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1296-2074(02)01205-0
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
0037251580 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/0037251580
STARS Citation
Zafiropulos, Vassilis; Balas, Costas; and Manousaki, Alexandra, "Yellowing Effect And Discoloration Of Pigments: Experimental And Theoretical Studies" (2003). Scopus Export 2000s. 2214.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2000/2214