Title
Corporate Political Strategy: An Examination Of The Relation Between Political Expenditures, Environmental Performance, And Environmental Disclosure
Keywords
Business ethics; Corporate political strategy; Environmental disclosure; Environmental performance; Political expenditures
Abstract
Two fundamental business ethics issues that repeatedly surface in the academic literature relate to business's role in the development of public policy [Suarez, S. L.: 2000, Does Business Learn? (The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI); Roberts, R. W. and D. D. Bobek: 2004, Accounting, Organizations and Society 29(5-6), 565-590] and its role in responsibly managing the natural environment [Newton, L.: 2005, Business Ethics and the Natural Environment (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford)]. When studied together, researchers often examine if, and how, corporations influence environmental policy decisions. Drawing from literatures on corporate political ativite corporate social and environmental performance, and corporate environmental disclosure, we develop and empirically examine two research questions concerning the relations between corporate political expenditures, environmental performance, and environmental disclosure. The questions are: (1) Do corporations that are poorer environmental performers spend more on political activities than their better-performing counterparts? (2) Is there an association between corporations' spending on political activities and the extent of their financial report environmental disclosures? We investigated these questions through analyses of data we gathered on a sample consisting of 119 U.S. environmentally sensitive firms for the 2001-2002 election cycle. After controlling for firm size and specific industry effects, our tests reveal a significant, inverse relationship between firm environmental performance and political spending. This is consistent with the notion that U.S. firms with relatively poorer environmental performance records engage more intensely in corporate political activities as part of their overall strategic management of their relationship with the state. In addition, a significant and positive association between the amount of political spending and the extent of environmental disclosure suggests that environmental disclosure and political spending are both proactive, complementary tactics to strategically manage public policy pressure. If corporations' strategies are intentionally designed to unreasonably limit their environmental responsibilities or to misrepresent firm environmental performance, then we argue that these activities reflect a significant lapse in ethical conduct. © Springer 2006.
Publication Date
8-1-2006
Publication Title
Journal of Business Ethics
Volume
67
Issue
2
Number of Pages
139-154
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9019-3
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
33748677256 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/33748677256
STARS Citation
Cho, Charles H.; Patten, Dennis M.; and Roberts, Robin W., "Corporate Political Strategy: An Examination Of The Relation Between Political Expenditures, Environmental Performance, And Environmental Disclosure" (2006). Scopus Export 2000s. 8040.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2000/8040