Title

Large Area Single-Mode Parity-Time-Symmetric Laser Amplifiers

Abstract

Objective: To demonstrate the existence of different degrees of nerve sparing (NS) (graded NS) by comparing the surgeon's intent of NS with the residual nerve tissue on prostatectomy specimens. Methods: We performed a prospective study of 133 consecutive patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in January and February of 2011. The surgeon graded the amount of NS intraoperatively independently for either side as follows: 1, no NS; 2, <50% NS; 3, 50% NS; 4, 75% NS; and 5, ≥95% NS. A pathologist who was unaware of the surgeon's score measured the area of residual nerve tissue on the posterolateral surface of the prostate. Results: A greater NS score correlated significantly with a decreasing area of residual nerve tissue on the prostatectomy specimens (P <.001). Overall, the area of residual nerve tissue on the prostatectomy specimens was significantly different among the NS groups (P <.001). On specific intergroup analysis, significant differences were found in the area of residual nerve tissue on the prostatectomy specimens between the greater NS groups: NS score 3 versus 4, median 13 mm 2 (interquartile range [IQR] 7-23) versus 3 mm 2 (IQR 0-8; P =.01); NS score 4 versus 5, median 3 mm 2 (IQR 0-8) versus 0.5 mm 2 (IQR 0-2; P =.001). Conclusion: Subjective NS classification using the surgeon's intraoperative perception correlated significantly with the area of residual nerve tissue on the prostatectomy specimens determined by the pathologist. It is possible to intentionally tailor the amount of NS performed at surgery. This finding demonstrates that NS is a graded rather than an all-or-none phenomenon that can even go beyond the traditional concept of complete, partial, or no NS. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Publication Date

3-1-2012

Publication Title

Optics Letters

Volume

37

Issue

3

Number of Pages

764-766

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.37.000764

Socpus ID

84857846178 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84857846178

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