Title
Refining Crystal Structures With Experimental 13C Nmr Shift Tensors And Lattice-Including Electronic Structure Methods
Abstract
Large differences are found in the quality of crystal structures obtained from different diffraction methods. The most accurate studies identify all atomic sites, including hydrogens, while others lack even the resolution needed to locate individual atoms. The gauge including projector augmented wave method (GIPAW) provides a technique to further refine any of these structures under lattice constraints. Here, the sensitivity of solid-state NMR 13C shift tensor principal value data to GIPAW refinement is investigated. The refinement is shown to improve X-ray powder, X-ray single crystal and even neutron single crystal diffraction data. Convergence to a single structure is observed in most cases. Surprisingly, the final refined structures usually diverge from the original neutron diffraction coordinates-data typically viewed as the most accurate. To ensure that the structural changes represent improvements, three metrics are monitored comprising fit to 13C shift tensors, forces upon the atoms and changes in atomic positions relative to a reference structure. In all cases these parameters improve upon refinement suggesting that GIPAW creates structures surpassing the accuracy of single crystal neutron diffraction data. However, the influence of thermal motions remains unknown. Improvements are seen most strongly in forces and NMR fits and least in atom positions. This study evaluates reasonably accurate model structures to quantify improvements. However, structures obtained from lower resolution methods (e.g. electron diffraction) will benefit most from GIPAW refinement. In such structures the refinement has the potential to convert structures with questionable atom positions into coordinates rivaling neutron diffraction single crystal data. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Publication Date
11-21-2013
Publication Title
CrystEngComm
Volume
15
Issue
43
Number of Pages
8693-8704
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ce40108a
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
84885652352 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84885652352
STARS Citation
Harper, James K.; Iuliucci, Robbie; Gruber, Matthew; and Kalakewich, Keyton, "Refining Crystal Structures With Experimental 13C Nmr Shift Tensors And Lattice-Including Electronic Structure Methods" (2013). Scopus Export 2010-2014. 6516.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2010/6516