When A Face Type Is Perceived As Threatening: Using General Recognition Theory To Understand Biased Categorization Of Afrocentric Faces
Keywords
Decision making; Face processing; Perception; Social cognition
Abstract
Prior research indicates that stereotypical Black faces (e.g., wide nose, full lips: Afrocentric) are often associated with crime and violence. The current study investigated whether stereotypical faces may bias the interpretation of facial expression to seem threatening. Stimuli were prerated by face type (stereotypical, nonstereotypical) and expression (neutral, threatening). Later in a forced-choice task, different participants categorized face stimuli as stereotypical or not and threatening or not. Regardless of prerated expression, stereotypical faces were judged as more threatening than were nonstereotypical faces. These findings were supported using computational models based on general recognition theory (GRT), indicating that decision boundaries were more biased toward the threatening response for stereotypical faces than for nonstereotypical faces. GRT analysis also indicated that perception of face stereotypicality and emotional expression are dependent, both across categories and within individual categories. Higher perceived stereotypicality predicts higher perception of threat, and, conversely, higher ratings of threat predict higher perception of stereotypicality. Implications for racial face-type bias influencing perception and decision-making in a variety of social and professional contexts are discussed.
Publication Date
7-1-2018
Publication Title
Memory and Cognition
Volume
46
Issue
5
Number of Pages
716-728
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0801-0
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
85042915380 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85042915380
STARS Citation
Kleider-Offutt, Heather M.; Bond, Alesha D.; Williams, Sarah E.; and Bohil, Corey J., "When A Face Type Is Perceived As Threatening: Using General Recognition Theory To Understand Biased Categorization Of Afrocentric Faces" (2018). Scopus Export 2015-2019. 10272.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/10272