Title

Quantitative Assessment Of Facial Asymmetry Using Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging In Adults: Validating The Precision And Repeatability Of A Global Approach

Keywords

3dMD; Facial asymmetry; Facial landmarks; Hemi facial microsomia; Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum; Root mean square; Three-dimensional photogrammetry

Abstract

Objective: Comparison of global versus landmark analyses of facial asymmetry using threedimensional photogrammetry to establish a precise method for evaluating facial asymmetry. Design: The landmark-based approach utilized anthropometric data points. Our global approach involved registration of mirror images, independent of a midplane, to calculate a root mean square (RMS) value. We analyzed precision and technical and operator error of both methods. Participants: Three hundred fifty adults participated in this study. Results: We found that the global method has better precision and repeatability with a significantly lower error rate than the landmark-based method. In adults, the average RMS was 0.6253 mm with a standard deviation of 0.16. Conclusions: Our facial asymmetry measurement is more accurate than landmark-based measurements. This method is quick, reliable, and results in generation of a RMS score and a corresponding color-coded facial map that highlights regions of higher and lower asymmetry. This method may be used as a screening tool for asymmetry in both the clinical and research settings.

Publication Date

1-1-2016

Publication Title

Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

Volume

53

Issue

1

Number of Pages

126-131

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.1597/13-353

Socpus ID

84957634009 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84957634009

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