Effects Of Damkhöler Number Of Evaporation On The Morphology Of Active Layer And The Performance Of Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells Fabricated By Electrospray Method
Keywords
Damkhöler number; Electrospray; Morphology; Organic solar cells
Abstract
The electrospray (ES) process has emerged as a scalable and efficient fabrication method for organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). However, the ES process could often involve numerous parameters, which impose a major challenge on uncovering the interplay among process, morphology of active layers, and device performance. This work attempts to reduce the parameter space and capture the essence of the ES process using the Damkhöler (Da) number of evaporation, which is the ratio of the droplet residence time over evaporation time. We first derived an explicit equation for Da that links nine different parameters affecting the process. Experimental results indicate that Da number shows strong effect on morphology and crystallinity of the active layer composed of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Most remarkably, the power conversion efficiency exhibits monotonically dependence on Da values spanning more than one order of magnitude, e.g., from 0.13 to 1.52. This finding suggests that Da number analysis can reduce the large parameter space in electrospray deposition, thus provides a simple way to control and predict the morphology of active layer and the performance of the solar cells.
Publication Date
1-1-2015
Publication Title
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume
134
Number of Pages
140-147
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2014.11.029
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
84917688676 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84917688676
STARS Citation
Zhao, Xin Yan; Yang, Weiwei; Li, Cheng; Wang, Xizu; and Lim, Siew Lay, "Effects Of Damkhöler Number Of Evaporation On The Morphology Of Active Layer And The Performance Of Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells Fabricated By Electrospray Method" (2015). Scopus Export 2015-2019. 329.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/329