Problematic Smartphone Use: A Conceptual Overview And Systematic Review Of Relations With Anxiety And Depression Psychopathology
Keywords
Addictions; Information technology; Internet addiction; Mental disorders; Mobile phones; Psychopathology
Abstract
Background Research literature on problematic smartphone use, or smartphone addiction, has proliferated. However, relationships with existing categories of psychopathology are not well defined. We discuss the concept of problematic smartphone use, including possible causal pathways to such use. Method We conducted a systematic review of the relationship between problematic use with psychopathology. Using scholarly bibliographic databases, we screened 117 total citations, resulting in 23 peer-reviewer papers examining statistical relations between standardized measures of problematic smartphone use/use severity and the severity of psychopathology. Results Most papers examined problematic use in relation to depression, anxiety, chronic stress and/or low self-esteem. Across this literature, without statistically adjusting for other relevant variables, depression severity was consistently related to problematic smartphone use, demonstrating at least medium effect sizes. Anxiety was also consistently related to problem use, but with small effect sizes. Stress was somewhat consistently related, with small to medium effects. Self-esteem was inconsistently related, with small to medium effects when found. Statistically adjusting for other relevant variables yielded similar but somewhat smaller effects. Limitations We only included correlational studies in our systematic review, but address the few relevant experimental studies also. Conclusions We discuss causal explanations for relationships between problem smartphone use and psychopathology.
Publication Date
1-1-2017
Publication Title
Journal of Affective Disorders
Volume
207
Number of Pages
251-259
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.030
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
84991262264 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84991262264
STARS Citation
Elhai, Jon D.; Dvorak, Robert D.; Levine, Jason C.; and Hall, Brian J., "Problematic Smartphone Use: A Conceptual Overview And Systematic Review Of Relations With Anxiety And Depression Psychopathology" (2017). Scopus Export 2015-2019. 7248.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/7248