Morphology And Crystal Planes Effects On Supercapacitance Of Ceo2 Nanostructures: Electrochemical And Molecular Dynamics Studies

Keywords

cerium oxide; crystal plane effects; energy storage; molecular dynamics simulations; supercapacitors

Abstract

Nano cerium oxide (CeO2) is a promising supercapacitor material, but the effect of morphology on charge storage capacity remains elusive. To determine this effect, three different morphologies, nanorods, cubes, and particles are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal process. Electrochemical evaluation through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge techniques reveals specific capacitance to be strongly dependent on the nanostructure morphology. The highest specific capacitance in nanorods (162.47 F g−1) is due to the substantially larger surface area relative to the other two morphologies and the predominant exposure of the highly reactive {110} and {100} planes. At comparable surface areas, exposed crystal planes exhibit a profound effect on charge storage. The exposure of highly reactive {100} planes in nanocubes induce a greater specific capacitance compared to nanoparticles, which are dominated by the less reactive {111} facets. The experimental findings are supported by reactivity maps of the nanostructures generated by molecular dynamics simulations. This study indicates that supercapacitors with higher charge storage can be designed through a nanostructure morphology selection strategy.

Publication Date

10-1-2018

Publication Title

Particle and Particle Systems Characterization

Volume

35

Issue

10

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201800176

Socpus ID

85052461920 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85052461920

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