Engineered Nanoceria Cytoprotection: In Vivo: Mitigation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Double-Stranded Dna Breakage Due To Radiation Exposure

Abstract

Cerium oxide nanomaterials are known to absorb ionizing radiation energy, as well as to neutralize free radicals in solution, by undergoing redox changes. We, therefore, proposed that ceria nanoparticles could be used in biomedical applications as an injectable, radio-protectant material. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of engineered nanoparticles in protecting germ cells from the damaging effects of irradiation-induced cell death, in vivo. C57BL/6J male mice were used as a model and irradiation was localized to the scrotal region at 2.5, 5, and/or 10 Gy intensities. Ceria nanoparticles were introduced as 100 μL injections at 100 nM and 100 μM via tail vein injections, weekly, for one month. Following this, the animals were sacrificed and their organs (heart, brain, kidneys) were harvested. Tissues were fixed, sectioned, and stained for instances of cell death, DNA damage (TUNEL assay), and ROS (nitro-tyrosine evolution). Tissues from mice treated with ceria nanoparticles showed significantly less (∼13% decrease; ∗P < 0.05) tissue damage (per immunohistochemistry) over controls at up to 5 Gy radiation. DNA damage and ROS also decrease substantially with ceria treatment, confirming ceria's capacity as an injectable, radio-protectant material. The study also highlights the ability of ceria nanoparticles to protect cells/tissues from both direct and indirect effects of ionizing radiation.

Publication Date

12-7-2018

Publication Title

Nanoscale

Volume

10

Issue

45

Number of Pages

21069-21075

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr04640a

Socpus ID

85056129940 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85056129940

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