Epsilon-Near-Zero Si Slot-Waveguide Modulator
Keywords
electro-absorption modulator; epsilon-near-zero material; silicon photonics; transparent conducting oxide
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a broadband electro-absorption modulator exploiting indium tin oxide (ITO) as the active switching material. Si strip waveguides are fabricated and covered with 8 nm of HfO2 and 15 nm of ITO to form metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOS-C) based modulators. The mobile carrier density in the ITO film is controlled using a postanneal treatment to tune its permittivity ϵ to a near-zero value at the operation wavelength of 1550 nm. Using simulations and experiments, we demonstrate that realizing an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) can enhance the modulation performance as it increases the overlap of the guided mode with the active ITO layer. We then show even greater benefits of this approach with Si waveguides featuring a central slot filled with ITO. Leveraging the ENZ effect, we achieve a notable 3 dB modulation depth of optical signals in a nonresonant waveguide structure with a length of 20 μm. The results provide insight into the design of very compact modulators for chip-scale optical links.
Publication Date
11-21-2018
Publication Title
ACS Photonics
Volume
5
Issue
11
Number of Pages
4484-4490
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00945
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
85055211984 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85055211984
STARS Citation
Liu, Xiaoge; Zang, Kai; Kang, Ju Hyung; Park, Junghyun; and Harris, James S., "Epsilon-Near-Zero Si Slot-Waveguide Modulator" (2018). Scopus Export 2015-2019. 9779.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/9779