Keywords

shallow neural network; dynamical systems; orbital mechanics; physics informed neural network

Abstract

Orbit propagation is the backbone of many problems in the space domain, such as uncertainty quantification, trajectory optimization, and guidance, navigation, and control of on orbit vehicles. Many of these techniques can rely on millions of orbit propagations, slowing computation, especially evident on low-powered satellite hardware. Past research has relied on the use of lookup tables or data streaming to enable on orbit solutions. These solutions prove inaccurate or ineffective when communication is interrupted. In this work, we introduce the use of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for orbit propagation to achieve fast and accurate on-board solutions, accelerated by GPU hardware solutions now available in satellite hardware. Physics-informed neural networks leverage the governing equations of motion in network training, allowing the network to optimize around the physical constraints of the system. This work leverages the use of unsupervised learning and introduces the concept of fundamental integrals of orbits to train PINNs to solve orbit problems with no knowledge of the true solution. Numerical experiments are conducted for both Earth orbits and cislunar space, being the first time a neural network integrator is implemented on flight-like hardware. The results show that the use of PINNs can decrease solution evaluation time by several order of magnitude while retaining accurate solutions to the perturbed two-body problem and the circular restricted three-body problem for deployment on spaceflight-like hardware. Implementation of these neural networks aim to reduce computational time to allow for real-time evaluation of complex algorithms on-board space vehicles.

Completion Date

2023

Semester

Fall

Committee Chair

Elgohary, Tarek

Degree

Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (M.S.M.E.)

College

College of Engineering and Computer Science

Department

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Degree Program

Mechanical Engineering

Format

application/pdf

Language

English

Release Date

June 2024

Length of Campus-only Access

None

Access Status

Masters Thesis (Open Access)

Campus Location

Orlando (Main) Campus

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