Title
Modeling the Dynamics of Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Cessation
Abbreviated Journal Title
J. Infect. Dis.
Keywords
polio eradication; dynamic modeling; disease outbreaks; oral poliovirus; vaccine; POLICY OPTIONS; ERADICATION; TRANSMISSION; IMMUNITY; RISKS; DISEASE; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology
Abstract
Background. Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) results in an ongoing burden of poliomyelitis due to vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis and circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs). This motivates globally coordinated OPV cessation after wild poliovirus eradication. Methods.aEuro integral We modeled poliovirus transmission and OPV evolution to characterize the interaction between population immunity, OPV-related virus prevalence, and the emergence of cVDPVs after OPV cessation. We explored strategies to prevent and manage cVDPVs for countries that currently use OPV for immunization and characterized cVDPV emergence risks and OPV use for outbreak response. Results.aEuro integral Continued intense supplemental immunization activities until OPV cessation represent the best strategy to prevent cVDPV emergence after OPV cessation in areas with insufficient routine immunization coverage. Policy makers must actively manage population immunity before OPV cessation to prevent cVDPVs and aggressively respond if prevention fails. Sufficiently aggressive response with OPV to interrupt transmission of the cVDPV outbreak virus will lead to die-out of OPV-related viruses used for response in the outbreak population. Further analyses should consider the risk of exportation to other populations of the outbreak virus and any OPV used for outbreak response. Conclusions.aEuro integral OPV cessation can successfully eliminate all circulating live polioviruses in a population. The polio end game requires active risk management.
Journal Title
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Volume
210
Publication Date
1-1-2014
Document Type
Article
Language
English
First Page
S475
Last Page
S484
WOS Identifier
ISSN
0022-1899
Recommended Citation
"Modeling the Dynamics of Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Cessation" (2014). Faculty Bibliography 2010s. 6181.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/6181
Comments
Authors: contact us about adding a copy of your work at STARS@ucf.edu