Title
Surface Tension Of Evaporating Nanofluid Droplets
Keywords
Evaporating droplet; Nanofluids; Stefan's formula; Surface tension
Abstract
Measurements of nanofluid surface tension were made using the pendant droplet method. Three different types of nanoparticles were used - laponite, silver and Fe2O3 - with de-ionized water (DW) as the base fluid. The reported results focus on the following categories: (1) because some nanoparticles require surfactants to form stable colloids, the individual effects of the surfactant and the particles were investigated; (2) due to evaporation of the pendant droplet, the particle concentration increases, affecting the apparent surface tension; (3) because of the evaporation process, a hysteresis was found where the evaporating droplet can only achieve lower values of surface tension than that of nanofluids at the same prepared concentrations; and (4) the Stefan equation relating the apparent surface tension and heat of evaporation was found to be inapplicable for nanofluids investigated. Comparisons with findings for sessile droplets are also discussed, pointing to additional effects of nanoparticles other than the non-equilibrium evaporation process. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Date
5-1-2011
Publication Title
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
Volume
54
Issue
11-12
Number of Pages
2459-2466
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2011.02.016
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
79953046688 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/79953046688
STARS Citation
Chen, Ruey Hung; Phuoc, Tran X.; and Martello, Donald, "Surface Tension Of Evaporating Nanofluid Droplets" (2011). Scopus Export 2010-2014. 3514.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2010/3514