Scattering In Pt- And Rt-Symmetric Multimode Waveguides: Generalized Conservation Laws And Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Beyond One Dimension
Abstract
We extend the generalized conservation law of light propagating in a one-dimensional PT-symmetric system, i.e., |T-1|=RLRR for the transmittance T and the reflectance RL,R from the left and right, to a multimode waveguide with either PT or RT symmetry, in which higher dimensional investigations are necessary. These conservation laws exist not only in a matrix form for the transmission and reflection matrices; they also exist in a scalar form for real-valued quantities by defining generalized transmittance and reflectance. We then discuss how a multimode PT-symmetric waveguide can be used to observe spontaneous symmetry breaking of the scattering matrix, which typically requires tuning the non-Hermiticity of the system (i.e., the strength of gain and loss). Here the advantage of using a multimode waveguide is the elimination of tuning any system parameters: the transverse mode order m plays the role of the symmetry-breaking parameter, and one observes the symmetry breaking by simply performing a scattering experiment in each waveguide channel at a single frequency and fixed strength of gain and loss.
Publication Date
12-30-2015
Publication Title
Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Volume
92
Issue
6
Document Type
Article
Personal Identifier
scopus
DOI Link
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.92.062135
Copyright Status
Unknown
Socpus ID
84952879819 (Scopus)
Source API URL
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84952879819
STARS Citation
Ge, Li; Makris, Konstantinos G.; Christodoulides, Demetrios N.; and Feng, Liang, "Scattering In Pt- And Rt-Symmetric Multimode Waveguides: Generalized Conservation Laws And Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Beyond One Dimension" (2015). Scopus Export 2015-2019. 45.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/45