Title

Measuring The Frequency Occurrence Of Handwriting And Handprinting Characteristics

Keywords

attribute agreement analysis; cursive; forensic science; frequency occurrence; handprinting; handwriting; product rule; proportions; questioned documents

Abstract

The premise of this study was to take a valid population sampling of handwriting and handprinting and assess how many times each of the predetermined characteristic is found in the samples. Approximately 1500 handwriting specimens were collected from across the United States and pared to obtain a representative sample of the U.S. adult population according to selected demographics based on age, sex, ethnicity, handedness, education level, and location of lower-grade school education. This study has been able to support a quantitative assessment of extrinsic and intrinsic effects in handwriting and handprinting for the six subgroups. Additional results include analyses of the interdependence of characteristics. This study found that 98.55% of handprinted characteristics and 97.39% of cursive characteristics had an independence correlation of under 0.2. The conclusions support use of the product rule in general, but with noted caveats. Finally, this study provides frequency occurrence proportions for 776 handwriting and handprinting characteristics.

Publication Date

1-1-2017

Publication Title

Journal of Forensic Sciences

Volume

62

Issue

1

Number of Pages

142-163

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.13248

Socpus ID

85002778989 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85002778989

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