Strategy Description
The VSSD is a research-supported online discussion model that can produce significant increases in student perceptions of social presence, learning, and satisfaction as compared to the traditional text-based, asynchronous, whole-group discussion model. In the VSSD, students lead the discussion experience by scheduling a synchronous, remote video meeting with their small group, they engage in the discussion topic for 30 to 45 minutes, then individually record a privte reflection video that is submitted to the instructor for evaluation and feedback.
About the Author
Dr. Jeff Renfrow is an administrator of online educator preparation programs at a private Christian university in Colorado. Prior to this, he was a K-12 educator and administrator in Arizona, South America, and Colorado.
Date Created
2-9-2026
Pedagogical Category
Interaction
Rights
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 License.
Recommended Citation
Renfrow, Jeff, "Video-based, Small Group, Synchronous Discussions (VSSD)" (2026). Teaching Online Pedagogical Repository. 31.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/topr/31
Setup/Logistics Details
VSS Discussions - Research Results.pdf (15 kB)
Study Results Details
VSS Facilitator Guide - Students.pdf (13 kB)
Example Student Facilitator Directions