Keywords
Dmls, direct metal laser sintering, 15-5 ph, s15500, selective laser sintering, sls, stainless steel, microstructure, nitrogen, heat treatment
Abstract
15-5PH stainless steel is an important alloy in the aerospace, chemical, and nuclear industries for its high strength and corrosion resistance at high temperature. Thus, this material is a good candidate for processing development in the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) branch of additive manufacturing. The chemistry and microstructure of this alloy processed via DMLS was compared to its conventionally cast counterpart through various heat treatments as part of a characterization effort. The investigation utilized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS) and glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry (GDS) techniques. DMLS processed samples contained a layered microstructure in which the prior austenite grain sizes were relatively smaller than the cast and annealed prior austenite grain size. The largest of the quantifiable DMLS prior austenite grains had an ASTM grain size of approximately 11.5-12 (6.7?m to 5.6?m, respectively) and the cast and annealed prior austenite grain size was approximately 7-7.5 (31.8µm to 26.7µm, respectively), giving insight to the elevated mechanical properties of the DMLS processed alloy. During investigation, significant amounts of retained austenite phase were found in the DMLS processed samples and quantified by XRD analysis. Causes of this phase included high nitrogen content, absorbed during nitrogen gas atomization of the DMLS metal powder and from the DMLS build chamber nitrogen atmosphere. Nitrogen content was quantified by GDS for three samples. DMLS powder produced by nitrogen gas atomization had a nitrogen content of 0.11 wt%. A DMLS processed sample contained 0.08 wt% nitrogen, and a conventionally cast and annealed sample contained only 0.019 wt% nitrogen. In iron based alloys, nitrogen is a significant austenite promoter and reduced the martensite start and finish temperatures, rendering the standard heat treatments for the alloy ineffective in producing full transformation to martensite. Process improvements are proposed along with suggested future research.
Notes
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Graduation Date
2014
Semester
Summer
Advisor
Sohn, Yongho
Degree
Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (M.S.M.E.)
College
College of Engineering and Computer Science
Department
Materials Science Engineering
Degree Program
Materials Science and Engineering
Format
application/pdf
Identifier
CFE0005317
URL
http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0005317
Language
English
Release Date
August 2014
Length of Campus-only Access
None
Access Status
Masters Thesis (Open Access)
Subjects
Dissertations, Academic -- Engineering and Computer Science; Engineering and Computer Science -- Dissertations, Academic
STARS Citation
Coffy, Kevin, "Microstructure and Chemistry Evaluation of Direct Metal Laser Sintered 15-5 PH Stainless Steel" (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 4756.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/4756