Keywords
Piezoelectricity; vibrations; energy harvesting; vibration control; transient vibration analysis; turbomachinery
Abstract
Piezoelectric-based energy harvesting devices provide an attractive approach to powering remote devices as ambient mechanical energy from vibrations is converted to electrical energy. These devices have numerous potential applications, including actuation, sensing, structural health monitoring, and vibration control -- the latter of which is of particular interest here. This work seeks to develop an understanding of energy harvesting behavior within the framework of a semi-active technique for reducing turbomachinery blade vibrations, namely resonance frequency detuning. In contrast with the bulk of energy harvesting research, this effort is not focused on maximizing the power output of the system, but rather providing the low power levels required by resonance frequency detuning. The demands of this technique dictate that harvesting conditions will be far from optimal, requiring that many common assumptions in conventional energy harvesting research be relaxed. Resonance frequency detuning has been proposed as a result of recent advances in turbomachinery blade design that have, while improving their overall efficiency, led to significantly reduced damping and thus large vibratory stresses. This technique uses piezoelectric materials to control the stiffness, and thus resonance frequency, of a blade as the excitation frequency sweeps through resonance. By detuning a structure*s resonance frequency from that of the excitation, the overall peak response can be reduced, delaying high cycle fatigue and extending the lifetime of a blade. Additional benefits include reduced weight, drag, and noise levels as reduced vibratory stresses allow for increasingly light blade construction. As resonance frequency detuning is most effective when the stiffness states are well separated, it is necessary to harvested at nominally open- and short-circuit states, corresponding to the largest separation in stiffness states. This presents a problem from a harvesting standpoint however, as open- and short-circuit correspond to zero charge displacement and zero voltage, respectively, and thus there is no energy flow. It is, then, desirable to operate as near these conditions as possible while still harvesting sufficient energy to provide the power for state-switching. In this research a metric is developed to study the relationship between harvested power and structural stiffness, and a key result is that appreciable energy can be harvested far from the usual optimal conditions in a typical energy harvesting approach. Indeed, sufficient energy is available to power the on-blade control while essentially maintaining the desired stiffness states for detuning. Furthermore, it is shown that the optimal switch in the control law for resonance frequency detuning may be triggered by a threshold harvested power, requiring minimal on-blade processing. This is an attractive idea for implementing a vibration control system on-blade, as size limitations encourage removing the need for additional sensing and signal processing hardware.
Notes
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Graduation Date
2015
Semester
Summer
Advisor
Kauffman, Jeffrey L.
Degree
Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering (M.S.A.E.)
College
College of Engineering and Computer Science
Department
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Degree Program
Engineering and Computer Science
Format
application/pdf
Identifier
CFE0005811
URL
http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0005811
Language
English
Release Date
August 2015
Length of Campus-only Access
None
Access Status
Masters Thesis (Open Access)
Subjects
Dissertations, Academic -- Engineering and Computer Science; Engineering and Computer Science -- Dissertations, Academic
STARS Citation
Hynds, Taylor, "Energy Harvesting toward the Vibration Reduction of Turbomachinery Blades via Resonance Frequency Detuning" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 680.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/680