Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus, a natural inhabitant of brackish and estuarine environments, is a fatal opportunistic human pathogen with a mortality rate of over 50%. Unlike for other pathogenic Vibrio species, and despite its high mortality rate, there is no conclusive approach to indicate the pathogenic potential of V. vulnificus isolates from the environment. To this day, a single gene encoding a hemolysin, vvh, has been used to detect V. vulnificus, and one phenotype - indole production, has been used to assess the pathogenic potential and classification of a given strain. In this study, we use genomic-based approaches to identify distinct phenotypes that can characterize V. vulnificus strains with highest pathogenic potential (cluster 1 – C1), and to determine novel genes that can be used to accurately detect and identify V. vulnificus strains from natural reservoirs. Our phenotypic analyses indicate that strains from C1 utilize a more diverse range of carbon sources compared to strains less likely to emerge as pathogenic (cluster 2 – C2). We found that C1 and C2 prefer to inhabit different niches leading to behavioral separation. Physiological adaptations like motility in the presence of mucin and growth at different salinities indicate markedly different lifestyles for these clusters. These phenotypes can thus be used as markers to predict the pathogenic potential of unknown V. vulnificus isolates from the environment based on their clusters. Furthermore, we identified six candidate genes that can distinctly discriminate between the two clusters and are more sensitive in detecting V. vulnificus compared to existing typing techniques. The high degree of resolution offered by this simple, reproducible approach can thus be used to identify V. vulnificus strains from natural reservoirs, as validated in our study using environmental isolates from oysters and water.
Notes
If this is your thesis or dissertation, and want to learn how to access it or for more information about readership statistics, contact us at STARS@ucf.edu
Graduation Date
2019
Semester
Summer
Advisor
Almagro-Moreno, Salvador
Degree
Master of Science (M.S.)
College
College of Medicine
Department
Biomedical Sciences
Degree Program
Biotechnology
Format
application/pdf
Identifier
CFE0008085; DP0023224
URL
https://purls.library.ucf.edu/go/DP0023224
Language
English
Release Date
February 2025
Length of Campus-only Access
5 years
Access Status
Masters Thesis (Campus-only Access)
STARS Citation
Jayakumar, Jane Maureen, "Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of the Emergent Marine Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 6858.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6858
Restricted to the UCF community until February 2025; it will then be open access.