Title
NADPH Oxidase 1, a Novel Molecular Source of ROS in Hippocampal Neuronal Death in Vascular Dementia
Abbreviated Journal Title
Antioxid. Redox Signal.
Keywords
CHRONIC CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; OXYGEN; SPECIES GENERATION; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION; EXPERIMENTAL STROKE; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; MEMORY; IMPAIRMENTS; NAD(P)H OXIDASE; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abstract
Aims: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a common pathological factor that contributes to neurode-generative diseases such as vascular dementia (VaD). Although oxidative stress has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of VaD, the molecular mechanism underlying the selective vulnerability of hippocampal neurons to oxidative damage remains unknown. We assessed whether the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) complex, a specialized superoxide generation system, plays a role in VaD by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries in rats. Results: Male Wistar rats (10 weeks of age) were subjected to bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (two-vessel occlusion [2VO]). Nox1 expression gradually increased in hippocampal neurons, starting at 1 week after 2VO and for approximately 15 weeks after 2VO. The levels of superoxide, DNA oxidation, and neuronal death in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus, as well as consequential cognitive impairment, were increased in 2VO rats. Both inhibition of Nox by apocynin, a putative Nox inhibitor, and adeno-associated virus-mediated Nox1 knockdown significantly reduced 2VO-induced reactive oxygen species generation, oxidative DNA damage, hippocampal neuronal degeneration, and cognitive impairment. Innovation and Conclusion: We provided evidence that neuronal Nox1 is activated in the hippocampus under CCH, causing oxidative stress and consequential hippocampal neuronal death and cognitive impairment. This evidence implies that Nox1-mediated oxidative stress plays an important role in neuronal cell death and cognitive dysfunction in VaD. Nox1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for VaD.
Journal Title
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
Volume
21
Issue/Number
4
Publication Date
1-1-2014
Document Type
Article
Language
English
First Page
533
Last Page
550
WOS Identifier
ISSN
1523-0864
Recommended Citation
"NADPH Oxidase 1, a Novel Molecular Source of ROS in Hippocampal Neuronal Death in Vascular Dementia" (2014). Faculty Bibliography 2010s. 5184.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2010/5184
Comments
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