Keywords

Black Women, Code-Switching, Identity-Shifting, Identity Distress, Discrimination

Abstract

Code-switching (altering language or speech) and identity-shifting (modifying appearance or behavior) are adaptive strategies often used by individuals from marginalized groups to navigate environments shaped by dominant cultural norms. Although these behaviors are commonly discussed in qualitative literature, relatively few quantitative studies have examined their psychological correlates among Black undergraduate women attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs). These behaviors may function as coping strategies in response to racialized and gendered expectations, yet the psychological implications of these strategies remain understudied. The present study examined the relationships among identity distress, code-switching, identity-shifting, and gendered racial identity centrality within a diverse sample of college students (N=668). Participants completed a survey assessing identity-related stressors, experiences of discrimination, and adaptive identity behaviors. Black participants reported significantly higher levels of identity shifting compared to non-Black participants, and being multilingual was a significant predictor of identity-shifting. Having an accent was a significant predictor of code-switching. Participants who reported higher levels of identity distress also reported greater identity-shifting behaviors. However, identity distress was not significantly associated with code-switching behaviors. Further results and their implications will be discussed.

Completion Date

2026

Semester

Spring

Committee Chair

Berman, Steven

Degree

Master of Arts (M.A.)

College

College of Sciences

Department

Psychology

Document Type

Dissertation/Thesis

Identifier

DP0053224

Download

Share

COinS
 

Accessibility Statement

This item was created or digitized prior to April 24, 2027, or is a reproduction of legacy media created before that date. It is preserved in its original, unmodified state specifically for research, reference, or historical recordkeeping. In accordance with the ADA Title II Final Rule, the University Libraries provides accessible versions of archival materials upon request. To request an accommodation for this item, please submit an accessibility request form.