Title

Visualization Of Signalized Intersections In Driving Simulator And Validity Of Driving Behaviors In Virtual Environments

Keywords

Amazon; Chromosomal rearrangements; Cytogenetics; FISH; Reproductive isolation

Abstract

Gymnotus capanema n. sp. is described on the basis of cytogenetic, morphometric, meristic and osteological data from nine specimens (one male and eight females) from the municipality of Capanema, Pará, in the eastern Amazon of Brazil. Later, three additional specimens were found in museums and regarded as nontypes (not cytogenetically analysed). Gymnotus capanema, which occurs in sympatry with Gymnotus cf. carapo cytotype 2n = 42 (30m/sm + 12st/a) exhibits a novel karyotype for the genus, with 2n = 34 (20m/sm + 14st/a). Gymnotus capanema can be unambiguously diagnosed from all congeners on the basis of a combination of characters from external anatomy, pigmentation and osteology. The constitutive heterochromatin, rich in adenine-thymine (A-T) base pairs [4',6 diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) positive], occurs in the centromeric region of all of the chromosomes, and in the pericentromeric and the entire short arm of some chromosomes. The nucleolar organizing region (NOR), stained by silver nitrate, chromomycin A 3 (CMA 3) and 18S ribosomal (r)DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), occurs in the short arm of pair 15. FISH, with telomeric probes did not show interstitial telomeric sequences (ITS), despite the reduced 2n in comparison to the karyotypes of other species of Gymnotus. The karyotype of G. capanema, with a reduced 2n, is strikingly different from all other previously studied congeners. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Fish Biology © 2012 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

Publication Date

4-1-2012

Publication Title

Advances in Transportation Studies

Issue

4

Number of Pages

17-28

Document Type

Article

Personal Identifier

scopus

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.4399/97888548465862

Socpus ID

84859601808 (Scopus)

Source API URL

https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/84859601808

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