Keywords
Diversification, taxes, municipal bonds, ex dividend
Abstract
Chapter 1 examines the effect of property-type diversification in equity real estate investment trusts (REITs) from 1995 to 2006. A strong positive relationship is documented between property-type diversification and return on assets, return on equity, and Tobin’s Q. The diversification benefit comes from both the ability to select better performing property types in “hot” markets and the limited exposure to poorly performing property types in “cold” markets. Diversified REITs produce higher cash flows relative to equity as a result of a broader opportunity set; moreover, return on assets increases with the degree of diversification, which suggests significant shielding to property-type specific risk. Additionally, results indicate that diversified REITs operate and trade above their contemporaneous predicted values, which are calculated using imputed multipliers from specialized REITs. The evidence shows that the market is operating efficiently and has incorporated this information; diversified REITs Q ratios are significantly greater than specialized REITs. Chapter 2 uses a large sample of municipal bond closed-end funds to examine how tax liability affects seasonal trading. Optimal tax trading dictates that net tax liability be calculated after all trades. Investors’ net tax liability is held in a holding account of his or her choosing. This study investigates what happens when there is tax liability in excess of Safe Harbor, and tax holding accounts are liquidated to cover the payments. We find that there exists a pattern of negative returns and increased volume in the month of March that is unexplained by changes in yield. iii Chapter 3 examines the ex-dividend day effect for municipal bond closed-end. The proposed explanations for this phenomenon are tax effects, short-term trading and/or market microstructure effects. In this study I use a unique set of dividend distributions to provide additional evidence that ex-dividend behavior is related to taxation as well as short-term trading. The sample I use is comprised of dividends in nontaxable closed-end funds, which ordinarily are not subject to Federal Income Tax. However, there is an occasional distribution that is subject to capital gains or ordinary income tax. This provides a unique environment in which to study the ex-dividend price behavior of a fund while eliminating the need for comparisons across funds.
Notes
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Graduation Date
2012
Semester
Spring
Advisor
Anderson, Randy
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
College
College of Business Administration
Degree Program
Business Administration; Finance
Format
application/pdf
Identifier
CFE0004549
URL
http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0004549
Language
English
Release Date
November 2013
Length of Campus-only Access
1 year
Access Status
Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access)
Subjects
Business Administration -- Dissertations, Academic, Dissertations, Academic -- Business Administration
STARS Citation
Hurst, Matthew, "Three Essays On Investments: An Examination Of The Effects Of Diversification And Taxes" (2012). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2490.
https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/2490